DigitalNachhaltigAngewandte GesundheitswissenschaftenZeitschriftenartikel
Alexandra Glufke, Horst Kunhardt
Länger leben zu Hause mit digital-technischer Unterstützung – das Projekt DeinHaus 4.0 Niederbayern
Bavarian Journal of Applied Sciences (Rubrik Schlaglichter), vol. 5, no. 1, pp. 476-481
2019
DOI: 10.25929/bjas.v5i1.73
Abstract anzeigen
Das Projekt DeinHaus 4.0 – länger leben zuhause an der Technischen Hochschule Deggendorf (THD) ist Teil einer Projektreihe des Bayerischen Staatsministeriums für Gesundheit und Pflege. Durch den Einsatz digital-technischer Assistenz-Systeme soll es Menschen mit Hilfs- und Unterstützungsbedarf ermöglicht werden, lange selbtsbestimmt, autonom, sicher und mit hoher Lebensqualität in der eigenen Häuslichkeit wohnen zu bleiben.
NachhaltigAngewandte WirtschaftswissenschaftenTC FreyungZeitschriftenartikel
Christina Sigl, Siegfried Hildebrand, Alexander Faschingbauer, Andreas Berl, J. Geyer, M. Prokýšek, R. Vohnout
Sustainable Peer-to-Peer Energy Trading Principles and Smart Meter Requirements for Smart Grids
Bavarian Journal of Applied Sciences, vol. 5, no. 1, pp. 461-475
2019
DOI: 10.25929/bjas.v5i1.66
Abstract anzeigen
The sustainability and efficiency of the current and future power grid is an important topic nowadays. Thus, the increasing usage of renewable energy sources for generation of electricity requires a more complex infrastructure to manage generation and demand efficiently. In order to stabilize a power grid there are different methods to trade energy sources. Especially for smart grid infrastructures, the most interesting approach is to trade energy peer-to-peer. Thus, we consider different peer-to-peer principles in detail. Particularly, the underlying subsystem is essential for fast and accurate trading. That is why smart meters, forming the lowest layer of the system, are one of the most important parts within the grid infrastructure. Their main task is to provide high quality information and services for smart contracting and also for controlling the power grid with regard to efficiency and sustainability. The information provided by smart meters can also be used within a smart energy management to optimize production and consumption times. This demand side management approach helps to prevent overproduction and hence leads to more sustainablitiy in future decentralized power grids. For this purpose, peer-to-peer methods and smart meters have to fulfil dedicated requirements which are considered here in more detail.
NachhaltigAngewandte WirtschaftswissenschaftenZeitschriftenartikel
Josef Scherer
Fit gegen Krisen im Zeitalter der Digitalisierung: Der "Ordentliche Kaufmann 4.0" und (ökonomische) Nachhaltigkeit
Der „Ordentliche Kaufmann 4.0“ und (ökonomische) Nachhaltigkeit
Bavarian Journal of Applied Sciences, vol. 5, no. 1, pp. 449-460
2019
DOI: 10.25929/bjas.v5i1.68
Abstract anzeigen
Die derzeitigen Megatrends „Digitalisierung, Globalisierung, Regulierung (Governance-, Risiko- und Compliancemanagement („GRC“)) und Fachkräftemangel“ stellen hohe neue Anforderungen an Governance-Strukturen des „Ordentlichen Kaufmanns“, um nachhaltig erfolgreich zu existieren, weshalb dieser im Zuge dessen derzeit eine Renaissance erlebt.
Im Artikel „Fit gegen Krisen im Zeitalter der Digitalisierung“ wird verdeutlicht, dass der „Ordentliche Kaufmann“ bereits die Pflicht hatte, sich angemessen um Analyse, Bewertung und Ableitung von Steuerungsmaßnahmen bzgl. der disruptiven Entwicklungen bei Digitalisierung und GRC zu kümmern – mit dem Ziel: Nachhaltige Unternehmenssicherung und Unternehmenswertsteigerung!
NachhaltigAngewandte WirtschaftswissenschaftenZeitschriftenartikel
Josef Scherer, Patricia Kollmann, Ann-Kathrin Birker
Integrated Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR)- / Sustainability Management System
Bavarian Journal of Applied Sciences, vol. 5, no. 1, pp. 435-448
2019
DOI: 10.25929/bjas.v5i1.67
Abstract anzeigen
Da sich weltweit Unternehmen / Organisationen bei der Implementierung eines Managementsystems an diversen populären (internationalen) Standards / Codices (ISO / COSO / IDW / DIIR /etc.) orientieren, dienen diese auch als Referenz für dieses Werk.
Daher wird mithilfe des „Universal-Standards Integriertes Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR)- / Nachhaltigkeits-Managementsystem“ versucht, aufzuzeigen, dass die meisten Standardwerke auf einem „gemeinsamen Nenner“ beruhen, wenngleich sie auch in Aufbau oder Formulierungen differieren mögen.
NachhaltigAngewandte InformatikTC FreyungZeitschriftenartikel
D. Kammerl, Roland Zink
Nachhaltigkeitsdiamant – Bewertungs- und Implementierungsmethode für eine nachhaltigkeitsorientierte Produktentwicklung
Bavarian Journal of Applied Sciences, vol. 5, no. 1, pp. 423-434
2019
DOI: 10.25929/bjas.v5i1.71
Abstract anzeigen
Im vorliegenden Beitrag wird eine Methode beschrieben, um Nachhaltigkeit in der Produkt- und Produkt-Service-System-Entwicklung zu bewerten. Der Fokus liegt dabei insbesondere auf der frühen Phase der Entwicklung, um im Gegensatz zu einer Vielzahl der bestehenden Bewertungsmethoden proaktiv und nicht reaktiv handeln zu können. Mithilfe der Methode wird der komplexe Sachverhalt der Nachhaltigkeit messbar und graphisch auf einfach verständliche Art und Weise dargestellt.
NachhaltigAngewandte Naturwissenschaften und WirtschaftsingenieurwesenTAZ SpiegelauZeitschriftenartikel
Benedikt Scharfe, S. Lehmann, Thorsten Gerdes, D. Brüggemann
Optical and Mechanical Properties of Highly Transparent Glass-Flake Composites
Journal of Composites Science, vol. 3, no. 101, pp. 1-17
2019
DOI: 10.3390/jcs3040101
Abstract anzeigen
In this paper, the dynamic mechanic and optical properties of composites made of Polyvinyl
Butyral (PVB) and Micro Glass Flakes (MGF) with matching refractive indices (RIs) are investigated.
The composite is produced by a slurry-based process using additional blade casting and lamination.
It can be shown that a high degree of ordering of the MGF in the polymer matrix can be achieved
with this method. This ordering, combined with the platelet-like structure of the MGF, leads to very
efficient strengthening of the PVB with increasing content of the MGF. By carefully adjusting the
RIs of the polymer, it is shown that haze is reduced to below 2%, which has not been achieved with
irregular fillers or glass fibers.
NachhaltigAngewandte Naturwissenschaften und WirtschaftsingenieurwesenTAZ SpiegelauZeitschriftenartikel
L. Schwinger, S. Lehmann, L. Zielbauer, Benedikt Scharfe, Thorsten Gerdes
Aluminum Coated Micro Glass Spheres to Increase the Infrared Reflectance
Coatings (Special Issue "Current Research in Thin Film Deposition: Applications, Theory, Processing, and Characterisation"), vol. 9, no. 3
2019
DOI: 10.3390/coatings9030187
Abstract anzeigen
The reflective properties of micro glass spheres (MGS) such as Solid Micro Glass Spheres (SMGS, “glass beads”) and Micro Hollow Glass Spheres (MHGS, “glass bubbles”) are utilized in various applications, for example, as retro-reflector for traffic road stripe paints or facade paints. The reflection behavior of the spheres can be further adapted by coating the surfaces of the spheres, e.g., by titanium dioxide or a metallic coating. Such coated spheres can be employed as, e.g., mid infrared (MIR)-reflective additives in wall paints to increase the thermal comfort in rooms. As a result, the demand of heating energy can be reduced. In this paper, the increase of the MIR-reflectance by applying an aluminum coating on MGS is discussed. Aluminum coatings are normally produced via the well-known Physical Vapor Deposition (PVD) or Chemical Vapor Deposition (CVD). In our work, the Liquid Phase Deposition (LPD) method, as a new, non-vacuum method for aluminum coating on spherical spheres, is investigated as an alternative, scalable, and simple coating process. The LPD-coating is characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and reflection measurements. The results are compared to a reference PVD-coating. It is shown that both sphere types, SMGS and MHGS, can be homogeneously coated with metallic aluminum using the LPD method but the surface morphology plays an important role concerning the reflection properties. With the SMGS, a smooth surface morphology and a reflectance increase to a value of 30% can be obtained. Due to a structured surface morphology, a reflection of only 5% could be achieved with the MHGS. However, post-treatments showed that a further increase is possible.
NachhaltigElektrotechnik und MedientechnikIQMAZeitschriftenartikel
Z. Bi, D. Liu, Y. Zhang, L. Liu, Y. Xia, Y. Hong, H. Fan, Günther Benstetter, G. Lei, L. Yan
The evolution of He nanobubbles in tungsten under fusion-relevant He ion irradiation conditions
Nuclear Fusion, vol. 59, no. 8
2019
DOI: 10.1088/1741-4326/ab2472
Abstract anzeigen
He-induced W nanofuzz growth over the W divertor target is one of the main limiting factors affecting the current design and development of fusion reactors. In this paper, based on He reaction rate model in W, we simulate the growth and evolution of He nanobubbles during W nanofuzz formation under fusion-relevant He+ irradiation conditions. Our modeling unveils the existence of He nanobubble-enriched W surface layer (<10 nm), formed due to the He diffusion in W crystal into defect sites. At an elevated temperature, the growth of He bubbles in the W surface layer prevents He atoms diffusing into the deep layer (>10 nm). The formation of W nanofuzz at the surface is attributed to surface bursting of high-density He bubbles with their radius of ~4 nm, and an increase in the surface area of irradiated W. Our findings have been well confirmed by the experimental measurements.
NachhaltigElektrotechnik und MedientechnikIQMAZeitschriftenartikel
W. Ni, L. Liu, Y. Zhang, H. Fan, G. Song, D. Liu, Günther Benstetter, G. Lei
Mass loss of pure W, W-Re alloys, and oxide dispersed W under ITER-relevant He ion irradiations
Journal of Nuclear Materials, vol. 527
2019
DOI: 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2019.151800
Abstract anzeigen
In this study, polycrystalline W, W-Re alloys, and La2O3 and Y2O3 dispersion-strengthened W have been irradiated by our large-power materials irradiation experimental system (LP-MIES) at the irradiation temperature of 1360–1460 K. Our measurements show that the W nano-fuzz layer which is < 5.2 μm thick has been formed over all the specimens exposed to the low-energy (50 or 100 eV) and high-flux (1.37 × 1022–1.62 × 1022 ions/m2⋅s) He+ irradiations. The mass loss of the fuzz layer almost linearly increases with the He+ fluence, which does not show any dependence on the thickness of fuzz layer varying from 1.1 to 5.2 μm La2O3 and Y2O3 dispersions into W significantly suppress the growth of W fuzz, indicating that He diffusion and the evolution of He nano-bubbles in the near-surface can be significantly influenced due to the dispersion. After He+ (100 eV) irradiation at He+ fluence of 5.83 × 1026/m2, the mass loss of 0.1 vol% - 1.0 vol% La2O3-dispersed W is about 20% lower than the one of the pure W, and the La2O3 dispersed W exhibits the best erosion resistance among various W material grades. Our analysis indicates that both the surface sputtering of W fuzz by energetic ions and surface bursting of He nano-bubbles can be responsible for the mass loss of W under ITER-relevant He+ irradiations.
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