MobilF: Elektrotechnik und MedientechnikZeitschriftenartikel
Diana Schramm, Nicki Bodenschatz, Andreas Berl
Usage Profiling in Electric Vehicles
Bavarian Journal of Applied Sciences, vol. 4, no. 1, pp. 342-353
2018
DOI: 10.25929/bjas.v4i1.52
Abstract anzeigen
In the overall effort of reducing CO2 emissions, the significance of alternative drive engines is growing. The transition from combustion engine vehicles to electric vehicles is high on the political agendas, with governments providing extensive funding to promote electric mobility. However, there are still challenges that hamper the dissemination of electric vehicles. One of those challenges is the limited range and the resulting range anxiety. Displayed vehicle range data contribute to this, as they are relatively inaccurate and might vary quite strongly during individual trips. This problem could be addressed by personalizing the range display according to the driving style of the current driver. Driver assistance services, like distance control, are becoming increasingly personalized nowadays, however, they are predominantly designed for internal combustion engine vehicles. In this paper, relevant input parameters for classifying the driving styles of electric vehicle users are identified. Furthermore, a system based on real-life driving data is developed to determine the driving style. Real-life driving data were collected in experiments and used to profile the driving style by means of fuzzy logic. Based on the results, an approach for a realistic classification of driving styles of electric vehicle users is discussed.
DigitalMobilF: Elektrotechnik und MedientechnikS: TC FreyungZeitschriftenartikel
Javier Valdés, Jane Wuth, Roland Zink, Sebastian Schröck, Matthias Schmidbauer
Extracting Relevant Points of Interest from Open Street Map to Support E-Mobility Infrastructure Models
Bavarian Journal of Applied Sciences, vol. 4, no. 1, pp. 323-341
2018
DOI: 10.25929/bjas.v4i1.51
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Neben kommerziell bereitgestellten Geodaten nehmen freiwillig erhobene geographische Daten (VGI, volunteered geographic information) in der Forschung einen wachsenden Stellenwert ein. Plattformen wie OpenStreetMap (OSM) bieten inzwischen eine enorme Menge an Geodaten, deren Qualität und deren Mehrwert für die Forschung zunehmend kritisch betrachtet werden. Besonders dann, wenn es um räumliche Planung geht, müssen die Daten vor der Anwendung angemessen validiert und bereinigt werden. In diesem Artikel wird ein Datenverarbeitungsmodell vorgestellt, mit dem OSM-Daten so
aufbereitet werden können, dass der Bedarf an Ladeinfrastruktur für Elektroautos über von Nutzern eingetragene Point of Interests (POI) räumlich möglichst genau erfasst und abgebildet werden kann. Zunächst erfolgt eine Selektion relevanter Datensets durch eine Prävalidierung. Im zweiten Schritt werden die wichtigsten POI selektiert und spezifiziert. In einem dritten Schritt werden alle OSM-immanenten Schwierigkeiten beseitigt. Das hier vorgestellte Datenverarbeitungsmodell ist auf das Thema Elektromobilität zugeschnitten, für welches POIs in die vier Zeitkategorien Arbeit, Leben, Einkaufen und Freizeit eingeteilt werden, um so den Bedarf an Ladeinfrastruktur zu erheben. Durch dieses Modell der Datenverarbeitung soll die Energienachfrage für Elektroautos räumlich möglichst realistisch dargestellt werden und Rohdaten mit ihren bekannten Fehlern durch den OSM-Datensammlungsprozess bereinigt aufbereitet werden. Anhand einer Fallstudie, die im bayerisch-tschechischen Grenzraum durchgeführt wurde, wird gezeigt, dass die Fehlerrate durch die Implementierung validierter Daten um ca 10% reduziert werden kann.
MobilF: Elektrotechnik und MedientechnikBeitrag (Sammelband oder Tagungsband)
S. Kerscher, N. Balbierer, S. Kraust, A. Hartmannsgruber, Nikolaus Müller, B. Ludwig
Intention-Based Prediction for Pedestrians and Vehicles in Unstructured Environments
VEHITS 2018
2018
ISBN: 978-989-758-293-6
Abstract anzeigen
Motion prediction for holonomic objects in unstructured environments is an ambitious task due to their high freedom of movement compared with non-holonomic objects. In this paper, we present a method for inferring the future goal of holonomic objects by a heuristic generation of target points (tp) and following discriminating decision making. The target points are generated, in a manner that covers the most common motion hypotheses like following or staying, safety relevant motion hypotheses like crossing future ego trajectories or the movement to special points of interest, e.g. gained from a map. Subsequently, for each considered object a trajectory to the inferred target point will be planned. Finally, the uncertainty of the trajectory is estimated by applying a Kalman Filter with a dynamically adjusted process noise matrix. An additional benefit of this concept is its ability to cope with a different quality of context knowledge, so it can produce sound results even at poor structured environments.
MobilF: Angewandte WirtschaftswissenschaftenZeitschriftenartikel
R. Kircher, R. Palka, E. Fritz, K. Eiler, M. Witt, L. Blow, Johannes Klühspies
Electromagnetic fields related to high speed transportation systems
Transportation Systems and Technology, vol. 4, no. 2, pp. 152-166
2018
DOI: 10.17816/transsyst201842152-166
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Issue: The potential health risks on passengers and the environment related to electromagnetic fields caused by the operation of electrically driven high speed transportation systems has become a major issue. Especially the magnetic flux density or induction can generate physiological effects in body tissues. Aim: In this paper, we compare calculated and experimental values of electromagnetic fields in rail-wheel systems such as ICE with the Maglev-systems Transrapid and the JR Maglev-system, based on available data. Method: To estimate the impact on passengers, the field contributions generated by the power supply system as well as by the drive and suspension systems are taken into account. For the comparison, the peak values of the electromagnetic fields have been considered. Results: The results show, that there are no health risks from the electric fields. Regarding the magnetic induction, the calculated the peak values remain well below the limits given by national regulations. In the case of the Transrapid and the JR Maglev system, the measured peak values in the environment and inside the vehicle depend on the levitation and the guidance technology and the geometrical parameters. The JR Maglev system requires effective magnetic shielding measures which are connected with heavy materials. Since such materials may have a negative influence on the energy balance and the economics of operation, R&D efforts are focusing on the optimization of materials and the structure of shields. Conclusion: In high speed transportation systems there are no potential risks from electrical fields. Regarding magnetic fields, the induction generated by the power supply and the drive system remain well below the frequency dependent limits. The situation is different for magnetic levitation systems, depending on the suspension and guidance technology. Especially the JR Maglev requires effective shielding measures. The shielding materials may have a negative impact on the energy balance.
MobilF: Angewandte WirtschaftswissenschaftenZeitschriftenartikel
E. Fritz, Johannes Klühspies, R. Kircher, M. Witt, L. Blow
Energy consumption of track-based high-speed trains: maglev systems in comparison with wheel-rail systems
Transportation Systems and Technology, vol. 4, no. 3s1, pp. 134-155
2018
DOI: 10.17816/transsyst201843s1134-155
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Background: The energy consumption of a high-speed system is an important part of its total operational costs. This paper compares the secondary energy demand of different wheel-rail systems, such as ICE, TGV and Shinkansen, and maglev systems, such as Transrapid and Chuo Shinkansen.
In the past, energy values of systems with different conditions (train configuration, dimension, capacity, maximum speed) were frequently compared. The comparative values were often represented by the specific energy consumption based on passenger capacity and line-kilometer values.
Aim: The goal is to find a way to compare the specific energy consumption of different high-speed systems without any distortion of results.
Methods: A comparison of energy values based on normative usable areas inside the high-speed systems will be described and evaluated in this paper, transforming the results to a more distortion-free comparison of energy consumption of different systems.
Results: The results show the energy consumption as an important characteristic parameter of high-speed transportation systems based on an objective comparison and give ranges of expected energy demand of different systems dependent on maximum speed level.
Conclusion: Up to the design speed of wheel-rail systems there are slight advantages in terms of energy consumption for the Transrapid maglev. From the perspective of energy consumption under consideration to reduce travel time, high-speed maglev systems represent a promising option for new railway projects. However, a project-specific system decision must be based on a complete life-cycle cost analysis, including investment cost
MobilF: Angewandte WirtschaftswissenschaftenZeitschriftenartikel
Johannes Klühspies
Maglev trends in public transport: the perspectives of maglev transportation systems
Transportation Systems and Technology, vol. 4, no. 3 Suppl. 1, pp. 5-12
2018
DOI: 10.17816/transsyst201843s15-12
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The idea of considering Maglev systems challenges established ways of thinking on how to deal with an increasing transport demand. Today, the railway industry seems focused on traditional business models that profit from friction, wear and tear of established conventional transport systems. Maglev Systems have begun to challenge those traditional business concepts. Maglev is a fundamentally different concept of transport – which might explain the reluctance, even ignorance, which Maglev systems continue to face.
MobilF: Angewandte WirtschaftswissenschaftenZeitschriftenartikel
Martina Hekler, Johannes Klühspies
Disruptive Technologies Transforming Urban Mobility? The Role of the Ecobee Urban Maglev System in the Seoul Traffic Vision 2030, South Korea
Transportation Systems and Technology, vol. 4, no. 3 Suppl. 1, pp. 115-123
2018
DOI: 10.17816/transsyst201843s1115-123
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The dynamics and extent of disruptive technologies have been very well developed in Asian cities by the beginning of the 21st century, and are becoming particularly future-oriented. It also appears that urban mobility strategies in Asia are hardly slowed by resistance such as seen in the European context, where holding on to existing systems is the norm. The effects of accelerated mobility strategies in Asia are already apparent compared to what may be expected in Europe. So one could ask, which innovation processes will allow mobility to further develop? How will urban transport systems likely change in the future to minimize adverse impacts of current forms of mobility? In looking forward, any implementation of innovative mobility strategies heavily depends on spatial structures, transport networks and technologies as well as a political planning and decision-making. In Asia, concepts of transport and innovative transportation concepts (such as Rotem’s Ecobee Urban Maglev) are developing with considerable promise, which, if successful, can turn into trendsetters with considerable future relevance on a global scale.
MobilF: Angewandte WirtschaftswissenschaftenZeitschriftenartikel
M. Wenk, Johannes Klühspies, L. Blow, R. Kircher, E. Fritz, M. Witt, Martina Hekler
Practical Investigation of Future Perspectives and Limitations of Maglev Technologies: Results of an International Survey among Transport Experts and Specialists Maglev
Transportation Systems and Technology, vol. 4, no. 3 Suppl. 1, pp. 85-104
2018
DOI: 10.17816/transsyst201843s185-104
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Results of an International Survey among Transport Experts and Specialists Maglev.
With the aim of tracking current trends in the market perspectives of magnetic levitation, or maglev technologies, the non-profit International Maglev Board conducted a primary study in the spring of 2018 among maglev specialists and transportation professionals. More than 1 000 professionals took part in the survey. Main topics of the study are questions comparing the suitability of conventional wheel-on-rail and maglev technologies according to application areas. Predicted opportunities and developments in maglev technology, acceptance issues and research needs are analyzed. The results are broken down by expertise and nationality of the participants. This short version presents selected findings of the survey in compressed form.
Background: There is an obvious need for information on international trends in the application of Maglev transport technologies. The study attempts to grasp the global dimension of magnetic levitation developments in a structured way.
Aim: To track current trends in magnetic levitation transport system innovation. Identify perspectives, research tasks and implementation barriers. Comparison of magnetic levitation systems with steel wheel systems. Analysis of the key topics of the debate.
Methods: Primary study in spring 2018 among 1 058 maglev specialists and transport experts. Internet-based online survey.
Results: The ratings vary greatly according to the expertise and origin of the respondents. In certain fields of application, wheel-rail systems remain the preferred transport technology. But in certain other fields of application, maglev technologies have become preferred over conventional steel-wheel-rail by a majority of transport professionals. This is particularly the case for high-speed maglev transport and for the new application of maglev elevators in buildings. At the same time, many respondents see a continuing need for research.
Conclusion: Overall, there is a differentiated picture. Respondents from North and South America, Russia and Asia are on average particularly open to an implementation of certain maglev technologies.
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