Europan Campus Rottal-InnZeitschriftenartikel
Robert Feicht, V. Grimm, H. Rau, G. Stephan
On the impact of quotas and decision rules in collective bargaining.
European Economic Review, vol. 100, no. November, pp. 175-192
2017
DOI: 10.1016/j.euroecorev.2017.08.004
Abstract anzeigen
We conduct a novel type of multi-person one-shot game that reflects important aspects of collective bargaining. In all treatments a proposer has to divide a pie among herself and two groups of three recipients each. She cannot discriminate within, but across groups. A committee with representatives from one or both groups takes acceptance decisions. In a 2 × 2 design we vary (i) representation in the decision committee (one vs. both groups) and (ii) the decision rule (unanimity vs. majority voting). We find that (i) representation of a group in the committee is crucial for receiving a significant share, (ii) proposals are balanced only if both groups have veto power, (iii) negotiations often fail if the decision environment gives insufficient guidance on what an appropriate proposal is, and (iv) non-binding communication substantially reduces rejection rates and proposer shares.
NachhaltigEuropan Campus Rottal-InnZeitschriftenartikel
P. Coman, Stefan Mátéfi-Tempfli, S. Veje, R. White
Modeling Vaporization, Gas Generation and Venting in Li-Ion Battery Cells with a Dimethyl Carbonate Electrolyte
Electrochemical Society Journal, vol. 164, no. 9
2017
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This paper presents a mathematical model developed for predicting the temperature-pressure behavior and gas generation inside 18650 LCO/Graphite cells with a DMC (Dimethyl Carbonate) electrolyte. The cell was modeled using oven heating conditions, and the analysis was done at time intervals around the venting event. The paper also presents the thermodynamic property table for DMC, as extracted from different resources and calculated using various assumptions. The model was developed by deriving the energy balance for an unsteady-flow control volume and applying the isentropic flow equations corresponding to the venting of gas. The results show that the model fails to predict the pressure measured experimentally when no gas is generated inside. When adding the gas generation due to pre-venting reactions occurring, the model can predict the pressure profile measured experimentally.
NachhaltigEuropan Campus Rottal-InnZeitschriftenartikel
J. Branch, M. Alibouri, D. Cook, P. Richardson, P. Bartlett, M. Mátéfi-Tempfli, Stefan Mátéfi-Tempfli, M. Bampton, T. Cookson, P. Connell, D. Smith
Plastic Reactor Suitable for High Pressure and Supercritical Fluid Electrochemistry
Journal of The Electrochemical Society, vol. 164, no. 6
2017
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The paper describes a reactor suitable for high pressure, particularly supercritical fluid, electrochemistry and electrodeposition at pressures up to 30 MPa at 115°C. The reactor incorporates two key, new design concepts; a plastic reactor vessel and the use of o-ring sealed brittle electrodes. These two innovations widen what can be achieved with supercritical fluid electrodeposition. The suitability of the reactor for electroanalytical experiments is demonstrated by studies of the voltammetry of decamethylferrocene in supercritical difluromethane and for electrodeposition is demonstrated by the deposition of Bi. The application of the reactor to the production of nanostructures is demonstrated by the electrodeposition of ∼80 nm diameter Te nanowires into an anodic alumina on silicon template. Key advantages of the new reactor design include reduction of the number of wetted materials, particularly glues used for insulating electrodes, compatability with reagents incompatible with steel, compatability with microfabricated planar multiple electrodes, small volume which brings safety advantages and reduced reagent useage, and a significant reduction in experimental time.
MobilEuropan Campus Rottal-InnVortrag
Markus Pillmayer
Vorstellung Tourismuslabor European Campus – Erlebnismessung als neuer Baustein der Erlebnisinszenierung
48. Anwenderforum Satellitennavigation/ Freizeit und Tourismus, Fraunhofer Institut, München
2017
MobilEuropan Campus Rottal-InnVortrag
Markus Pillmayer
Culture of Failure oder schnödes Scheitern? Konzeptionelle Zugänge und empirische Befunde zum Scheitern in internationalen touristischen Unternehmenskooperationen
21. Jahrestagung der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Tourismuswissenschaft (DGT), Insel Mainau
2017
MobilEuropan Campus Rottal-InnVortrag
Markus Pillmayer
The next step in innovation? Das Potenzial von Open Innovation im internationalen Wettbewerb der Destinationen
21. Jahrestagung der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Tourismuswissenschaft (DGT), Insel Mainau
2017
GesundAngewandte GesundheitswissenschaftenEuropan Campus Rottal-InnBeitrag (Sammelband oder Tagungsband)
V. Clarke, N. Hayfield, N. Moller, Irmgard Tischner, The Story Completion Research Group
Once upon a time...: Qualitative story completion methods
Collecting qualitative data. A practical guide to textual, media and virtual techniques, Cambridge, United Kingdom; New York, NY
2017
ISBN: 9781107054974
Abstract anzeigen
This chapter introduces the story completion (SC) method of collecting qualitative data, a novel technique that offers intriguing potential to the qualitative researcher. Since the method is new to qualitative research, it has fewer published research studies than some of the other methods covered in this book. For this reason, the chapter aims not only to provide a description of the method and recommendations for how best to use it, but also to explore some of the unresolved theoretical and practical questions about SC. These questions have been identified by the chapter authors, who comprise the Story Completion Research Group. We are a group of researchers who have come together to share our experience of using and further developing the method (see Box 3.1). Our view is that SC has the potential to ‘reach the parts that other methods cannot reach’ (Pope & Mays, 1995); it therefore has advantages over and above being enticingly resource-lite in terms of data collection, although that in itself is a sizeable benefit.
NachhaltigAngewandte Naturwissenschaften und WirtschaftsingenieurwesenEuropan Campus Rottal-InnZeitschriftenartikel
X.-N. Chen, Rui Li, F. Belloni, F. Gabrielli, A. Rineiski, L. Andriolo, L. Guo, D. Castelliti, M. Schyns, E. Bubelis, G. Bandini, M. Sarotto
Safety studies for the MYRRHA critical core with the SIMMER-III code
Annals of Nuclear Energy, vol. 110, pp. 1030-1042
2017
DOI: 10.1016/j.anucene.2017.08.021
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The presented studies are carried out within the European 7th framework project MAXSIMA, in which the MYRRHA reactor, which stands for Multi-purpose hYbrid Research Reactor for High-tech Applications, developed at SCK-CEN (Belgian Nuclear Research Centre), is investigated. The SIMMER code is employed for severe accident investigations of the reactor at KIT and SCK-CEN in both critical and ADS subcritical modes. In this paper only studies for the critical core are presented. The SIMMER-III model has been set up and assessed first for the neutronic feedback coefficients. Its calculated fuel, coolant and structure feedbacks agree well with the results evaluated by means of the European Reactor ANalysis Optimized System (ERANOS). For benchmarking of the SIMMER-III coupled neutronics and fluid-dynamics model, several Unprotected Transients due to Over Power (UTOP) have been calculated and compared with results of transient system codes. Very good agreement is demonstrated. In case of the largest and quickest reactivity insertion under hypothetical accident conditions, the reactor is assumed to turn for a short time into a slightly prompt supercritical state, but a quite mild power excursion takes place. Blockage accidents are studied in detail with SIMMER only. In total three scenarios have been investigated, namely the blockages of a single fuel assembly (FA), the protected core blockage scenario and the damage propagation of defective pin failures. Our studies demonstrated no core damage propagation can possibly occur under the different blockage scenarios.
NachhaltigAngewandte Naturwissenschaften und WirtschaftsingenieurwesenEuropan Campus Rottal-InnZeitschriftenartikel
Rui Li, X.-N. Chen, L. Andiolo, A. Rineiski
3D numerical study of LBE-cooled fuel assembly in MYRRHA using SIMMER-IV code
Annals of Nuclear Energy, vol. 104, pp. 42-52
2017
DOI: 10.1016/j.anucene.2017.02.009
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The present paper is based on the work carried out in the framework of the European FP7 project MAXSIMA, in which MYRRHA safety studies are performed. MYRRHA is a pool-type 100 MWth system with MOX fuel designed to operate both in ADS and critical modes. It uses lead-bismuth eutectic (LBE) as primary coolant. The MOX fuel has almost the same density as the LBE coolant. In case of pin failure fuel pellets may break into chunks and particles carried by the coolant upwards and redistributed in the reactor pool. The transmutation group at IKET/KIT mainly with the numerical analysis tool is involved for studying severe accidents for MYRRHA reactor design. The highlight of the current work is that 3D simulations with explicit modelling on the gaps between fuel assemblies and 3D macroscopic pin bundle models are performed for the first time using a reactor safety analysis code, SIMMER-IV, with 3D geometry. In this paper, the numerical analyses are conducted for a single fuel assembly blockage and 19 pin-rods on basis of an LBE coolant experiment. The 3D analysis has been applied with both scales namely fuel assembly scale and pin bundle scale. For the fuel assembly scale, the evaluation of a single fuel assembly blockage using non-axisymmetric geometry configuration in the subcritical mode is addressed. For the pin bundle scale, the 3D pin bundle simulations show a good agreement from the experiment conducted at KALLA liquid metal laboratory. Note that this is the only code applied by now for blockage analyses after pin failure in MYRRHA. The current work has formed a solid basis for the safety analysis for MYRRHA in the future.
GesundEuropan Campus Rottal-InnZeitschriftenartikel
M. Steffens, B. Becker, C. Neumann, Anna-Maria Kasparbauer, I. Meyhöfer, B. Weber, M. Mehta, R. Hurlemann, U. Ettinger
Effects of Ketamine on Brain Function During Smooth Pursuit Eye Movements
Human Brain Mapping, vol. 37, no. 11, pp. 4047-4060
2016
DOI: 10.1002/hbm.23294
Abstract anzeigen
The uncompetitive NMDA receptor antagonist ketamine has been proposed to model symptoms of psychosis. Smooth pursuit eye movements (SPEM) are an established biomarker of schizophrenia. SPEM performance has been shown to be impaired in the schizophrenia spectrum and during ketamine administration in healthy volunteers. However, the neural mechanisms mediating SPEM impairments during ketamine administration are unknown. In a counter‐balanced, placebo‐controlled, double‐blind, within‐subjects design, 27 healthy participants received intravenous racemic ketamine (100 ng/mL target plasma concentration) on one of two assessment days and placebo (intravenous saline) on the other. Participants performed a block‐design SPEM task during functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) at 3 Tesla field strength. Self‐ratings of psychosis‐like experiences were obtained using the Psychotomimetic States Inventory (PSI). Ketamine administration induced psychosis‐like symptoms, during ketamine infusion, participants showed increased ratings on the PSI dimensions cognitive disorganization, delusional thinking, perceptual distortion and mania. Ketamine led to robust deficits in SPEM performance, which were accompanied by reduced blood oxygen level dependent (BOLD) signal in the SPEM network including primary visual cortex, area V5 and the right frontal eye field (FEF), compared to placebo. A measure of connectivity with V5 and FEF as seed regions, however, was not significantly affected by ketamine. These results are similar to the deviations found in schizophrenia patients. Our findings support the role of glutamate dysfunction in impaired smooth pursuit performance and the use of ketamine as a pharmacological model of psychosis, especially when combined with oculomotor biomarkers.
GesundEuropan Campus Rottal-InnZeitschriftenartikel
Anna-Maria Kasparbauer, I. Meyhöfer, M. Steffens, B. Weber, M. Aydine, V. Kumari, R. Hurlemann, U. Ettinger
Neural Effects of Methylphenidate and Nicotine During Smooth Pursuit Eye Movements
NeuroImage, vol. 141, no. November, pp. 52-59
2016
DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2016.07.012
Abstract anzeigen
Introduction
Nicotine and methylphenidate are putative cognitive enhancers in healthy and patient populations. Although they stimulate different neurotransmitter systems, they have been shown to enhance performance on overlapping measures of attention. So far, there has been no direct comparison of the effects of these two stimulants on behavioural performance or brain function in healthy humans. Here, we directly compare the two compounds using a well-established oculomotor biomarker in order to explore common and distinct behavioural and neural effects.
Methods
Eighty-two healthy male non-smokers performed a smooth pursuit eye movement task while lying in an fMRI scanner. In a between-subjects, double-blind design, subjects either received placebo (placebo patch and capsule), nicotine (7 mg nicotine patch and placebo capsule), or methylphenidate (placebo patch and 40 mg methylphenidate capsule).
Results
There were no significant drug effects on behavioural measures. At the neural level, methylphenidate elicited higher activation in left frontal eye field compared to nicotine, with an intermediate response under placebo.
Discussion
The reduced activation of task-related regions under nicotine could be associated with more efficient neural processing, while increased hemodynamic response under methylphenidate is interpretable as enhanced processing of task-relevant networks. Together, these findings suggest dissociable neural effects of these putative cognitive enhancers.
GesundEuropan Campus Rottal-InnZeitschriftenartikel
T. Talanow, Anna-Maria Kasparbauer, M. Steffens, I. Meyhöfer, B. Weber, N. Smyrnis, U. Ettinger
Facing Competition: Neural Mechanisms Underlying Parallel Programming of Antisaccades and Prosaccades
Brain and Cognition, vol. 107, no. August, pp. 37-47
2016
DOI: 10.1016/j.bandc.2016.05.006
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The antisaccade task is a prominent tool to investigate the response inhibition component of cognitive control. Recent theoretical accounts explain performance in terms of parallel programming of exogenous and endogenous saccades, linked to the horse race metaphor. Previous studies have tested the hypothesis of competing saccade signals at the behavioral level by selectively slowing the programming of endogenous or exogenous processes e.g. by manipulating the probability of antisaccades in an experimental block. To gain a better understanding of inhibitory control processes in parallel saccade programming, we analyzed task-related eye movements and blood oxygenation level dependent (BOLD) responses obtained using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) at 3T from 16 healthy participants in a mixed antisaccade and prosaccade task. The frequency of antisaccade trials was manipulated across blocks of high (75%) and low (25%) antisaccade frequency. In blocks with high antisaccade frequency, antisaccade latencies were shorter and error rates lower whilst prosaccade latencies were longer and error rates were higher. At the level of BOLD, activations in the task-related saccade network (left inferior parietal lobe, right inferior parietal sulcus, left precentral gyrus reaching into left middle frontal gyrus and inferior frontal junction) and deactivations in components of the default mode network (bilateral temporal cortex, ventromedial prefrontal cortex) compensated increased cognitive control demands. These findings illustrate context dependent mechanisms underlying the coordination of competing decision signals in volitional gaze control.
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