NachhaltigElektrotechnik und MedientechnikZeitschriftenartikel
K. Zhu, F. Kühnel, Jonas Weber, Christoph Metzke, Günther Benstetter, M. Lanza, Werner Frammelsberger
On the Limits of Scanning Thermal Microscopy of Ultrathin Films
Materials, vol. 13, no. 3
2020
DOI: 10.3390/ma13030518
Abstract anzeigen
Heat transfer processes in micro- and nanoscale devices have become more and more important during the last decades. Scanning thermal microscopy (SThM) is an atomic force microscopy (AFM) based method for analyzing local thermal conductivities of layers with thicknesses in the range of several nm to µm. In this work, we investigate ultrathin films of hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN), copper iodide in zincblende structure (γ-CuI) and some test sample structures fabricated of silicon (Si) and silicon dioxide (SiO2) using SThM. Specifically, we analyze and discuss the influence of the sample topography, the touching angle between probe tip and sample, and the probe tip temperature on the acquired results. In essence, our findings indicate that SThM measurements include artefacts that are not associated with the thermal properties of the film under investigation. We discuss possible ways of influence, as well as the magnitudes involved. Furthermore, we suggest necessary measuring conditions that make qualitative SThM measurements of ultrathin films of h-BN with thicknesses at or below 23 nm possible.
NachhaltigElektrotechnik und MedientechnikZeitschriftenartikel
Y. Zhang, W. Ni, G. Song, H. Fan, Günther Benstetter, C. Niu, L. Liu, G. Lei
Effect of intermittent He/D ion irradiations on W nano-fuzz growth over W targets
Vacuum, vol. 173, no. March
2020
DOI: 10.1016/j.vacuum.2019.109146
Abstract anzeigen
The intermittent He/D ion irradiations of polycrystalline W have been performed at the ion energy of 50 eV by changing the time of the single irradiations and the irradiation temperature. All irradiated W specimens have been observed by scanning electron microscopy, and the effect of intermittent He/D ion irradiations on the W fuzz growth has been analyzed. The W fuzz growth over W targets does not show the clear dependence on the intermittent He/D ion irradiations, where the He/D ion fluence of the single irradiations typically varies from 5.0 × 1024 to 2.5 × 1025/m2. However, a slight change in the W surface temperature during the single He ion irradiations significantly affects the W fuzz growth rate. Analysis indicates that W fuzz growth is significantly affected by the total He ion fluence varying from 5.0 × 1024 to 5.0 × 1025/m2 and the irradiation temperature varying from 1100 to 1450 K. This current study will play a crucial role in understanding the W fuzz growth under the periodic He/D ion irradiations of W divertor in fusion reactors, such as ELMs.
DigitalAngewandte InformatikTC GrafenauZeitschriftenartikel
M. Strickert, Ali Fallah Tehrani, Diane Ahrens
Class of Monotone Kernelized Classifiers on the basis of the Choquet Integral
Expert Systems, vol. 37, no. First published: 21 January 2020, pp. 1-15
2020
DOI: 10.1111/exsy.12506
Abstract anzeigen
The key property of monotone classifiers is that increasing (decreasing) input values lead to increasing (decreasing) the output value. Preserving monotonicity for a classifier typically requires many constraints to be respected by modeling approaches such as artificial intelligence techniques. The type of constraints strongly depends on the modeling assumptions. Of course, for sophisticated models such conditions might be very complex. In this study we present a new family of kernels that we call it Choquet kernels. Henceforth it allows for employing popular kernel‐based methods such as support vector machines. Instead of a naïve approach with exponential computational complexity we propose an equivalent formulation with quadratic time in the number of attributes. Furthermore, since coefficients derived from kernel solutions are not necessarily monotone in the dual form, different approaches are proposed to monotonize coefficients. Finally experiments illustrate beneficial properties of the Choquet kernels.
DigitalAngewandte InformatikAngewandte WirtschaftswissenschaftenZeitschriftenartikel
Benedikt Elser, Andreas Fischer, M. Kretschmann
Extracting Keywords from Publication Abstracts for an Automated Researcher Recommendation System
Digitale Welt, vol. 4, no. 1, pp. 20-25
2020
DOI: 10.1007/s42354-019-0227-2
Abstract anzeigen
This paper presents an automated keyword assignment system for scientific abstracts. That system is applied to paper abstracts collected in a local publication database and used to drive a researcher recommendation system. Problems like low data volume and missing keywords are discussed. For remediation, training is performed on an extended data set based on large online publication databases. Additionally a closer look at label imbalance in the dataset is taken. Ten multi-label classification algorithms for assigning keywords from a given catalogue to a scientific abstract are compared. The usage of binary relevance as transformation method with LightGBM as classifier yields the best results. Random oversampling before the training phase additionally increases the F1-Score by around 5-6%.
DigitalAngewandte WirtschaftswissenschaftenBeitrag (Sammelband oder Tagungsband)
D. Stoichescu, Leon Binder, I. Tache, P. M. Svasta, Monica I. Ciolacu
Education 4.0 - Jump to Innovation IoT in Higher Education
Proceedings of the 2019 IEEE 25th International Symposium for Design and Technology in Electronic Packaging (SIITME) [Oct 23-26, 2019; Cluj-Napoca, Romania], New York, NY, USA
2020
DOI: 10.1109/SIITME47687.2019.8990825
Abstract anzeigen
Artificial Intelligence (AI) will play a key role in Higher Education. Our contribution leads the road to innovation within IoT for Education 4.0, using a system comprising smartwatch data, health data, learning analytics and Artificial Intelligence. By using embedded sensors from wearable devices, we can add value to Education 4.0. Smartwatches are IoT devices, equipped with a multitude of embedded sensors collecting distraction-free huge amounts of real-time data during students’ learning. In our paper we highlight advantages of wrist-based wearables like smartwatches for Education 4.0. We develop a User Experience Questionnaire for the measurement of acceptance of advanced electronic technology in Higher Education. We identify as experiment’s results the most important sensors and protocols for Education 4.0.
DigitalAngewandte WirtschaftswissenschaftenTC GrafenauBeitrag (Sammelband oder Tagungsband)
Heribert Popp, Leon Binder, Monica I. Ciolacu
Enabling IoT in Education 4.0 with Biosensors from Wearables and Artificial Intelligence
Proceedings of the 2019 IEEE 25th International Symposium for Design and Technology in Electronic Packaging (SIITME) [Oct 23-26, 2019; Cluj-Napoca, Romania], New York, NY, USA
2020
DOI: 10.1109/SIITME47687.2019.8990763
Abstract anzeigen
A major challenge for Education 4.0 is to make use of wearable devices for helping students in monitoring their learning behavior and their activities (steps, heart rate variability, and heart rate) in real-time. The first aim of this paper is to present our implementation of adaptivity and Artificial Intelligence (AI) methods within the Education 4.0 process. In this work, we investigate embedded biosensors (noninvasive, low-cost, and distraction-free) used in smartphones and smartwatches. The next objective is to enable IoT for Higher Education, i.e. a novel system assisted by AI that takes embedded biosensor data and environmental data into account in order to estimate students’ wellbeing and health. In this regard, we propose a framework that uses wearable devices to collect data with biofeedback methods to support students’ academic success.
NachhaltigTC FreyungZeitschriftenartikel
Javier Valdés, Luis Ramirez Camargo, Y. Masip Macia, A. Poque González
Cogeneración en Chile: Capacidades, desarrollo y perspectivas
[Status: In Press]
Avances en Energías Renovables y Medio Ambiente (AVERMA)
2020
Abstract anzeigen
RESUMEN: En Chile, el proyecto de cogeneración más antiguo data de 1930 y operó hasta el año 1997. Sin embargo, pese a que la tecnología lleva introducida largo tiempo, pocos son los estudios que han analizado el potencial de CHP y su evolución. Un primer paso para el estudio del potencial del país es la creación de un catastro que incluya la capacidad instalada. El interés de este ejercicio radica en el potencial de integración de mayores cantidades de CHP en el sistema eléctrico con el objetivo de hacer frente a la intermitencia de fuentes de energía no convencionales. Además, las plantas CHP pueden ayudar a alcanzar los objetivos de eficiencia energética gracias a la posibilidad de los generadores de volcar a la red tanto la electricidad como calor no consumido en los procesos productivos. Sin embargo, para que esto ocurra es necesario el desarrollo de un marco regulatorio acorde a las capacidades y características de las plantas de CHP. El objetivo de este artículo es precisamente identificar las características de las instalaciones en industrias específicas, así como su evolución, con el objetivo de extrapolar los datos al resto de la economía y obtener un potencial de CHP para el país. Para ello, se han hecho consultas de catastros anteriores, así como entrevistas con empresas para conocer el estado actual del parque de plantas de CHP en el país. Palabras clave: cogeneración, eficiencia energética, flexibilidad del sistema eléctrico 1.
DigitalMaschinenbau und MechatronikBeitrag (Sammelband oder Tagungsband)
Matthias Herbst, Jochen Hiller, Peter Landstorfer
Investigation of positioning accuracy of industrial robots for robotic-based X-ray computed tomography
iCT 2019 9th Conference on Industrial Computed Tomography (iCT) [13-15 February, 2019; Padua, Italy]
2019
Abstract anzeigen
In this research work we investigated the accuracy of a standard industrial robot. We wanted to find out, how accurate an X-RayComputed Tomography (CT) scan can be performed when using such a robot as a manipulator. The accuracy was measuredusing a laser-interferometer. The measured deviations were used to run an X-Ray simulation via Fraunhofer EZRT’s ScorpiusX-Lab. Metrological analysis was performed as a measure for the quality of the simulated CT-scan. The metrological deviationsreflect the feasible accuracy of a CT-scan in a real CT-setup.
DigitalMaschinenbau und MechatronikBeitrag (Sammelband oder Tagungsband)
Gabriel Herl, Jochen Hiller, T. Sauer
Artifact reduction in X-ray computed tomography by multipositional data fusion using local image quality measures
iCT 2019 9th Conference on Industrial Computed Tomography (iCT) [13-15 February, 2019; Padua, Italy]
2019
Abstract anzeigen
Metal artifacts are still a major problem in X-ray industrial computed tomography. In order to reduce metal artifacts and increase the image quality of X-ray CT-scans, we suggest using projection data from multiple scans with differently positioned object orientations. We present two different approaches for multipositional CT, which are especially effective for multimaterial objects with high absorbing metal parts. On one hand, we reconstruct the different scans separatly, estimate the local quality of the resulting volumes and then fuse these volumes to an optimized volume. On the other hand, we introduce smART (shrinking merged Algebraic Reconstruction Technique) and merge sinograms of different scans, estimate the reliability of each projection pixel and then reconstruct the merged sinogram with an adapted SART reconstruction method. We demonstrate our approaches on simulations and on measurement data and are able to show a significant reduction of image artifacts qualitatively and quantitatively with the help of dimensional measurement results.
DigitalMaschinenbau und MechatronikZeitschriftenartikel
Gabriel Herl, Kasperl, S. Maier, A., Jochen Hiller
Reduktion von Metallartefakten durch multipositionale Datenfusion in der industriellen Röntgen-Computertomographie
tm - Technisches Messen, vol. 87, no. 2
2019
DOI: 10.1515/teme-2019-0137
Abstract anzeigen
Metallartefakte stellen eine große Herausforderung für das Messen mit Röntgen-Computertomographie dar. Dieser Beitrag stellt die Methode der multipositionalen Datenfusion zur Reduktion von Metallartefakten vor. Dazu werden mehrere Scans desselben Objekts bei unterschiedlicher Objekt-positionierung durchgeführt, aufeinander registriert und zur Fusion gemeinsam unter Betrachtung eines lokalen Gütemaßes rekonstruiert. In praxisnahen Experimenten wird der Mehrwert der Methode gezeigt. Insbesondere wird dargestellt, wie mit wenig Aufwand und ohne Vorwissen Kunststoffstrukturen trotz starker Metallartefakte sichtbar gemacht werden können, womit das Verfahren ein Alleinstellungsmerkmal gegenüber den existierenden Metallartefaktreduktionsverfahren aufweist.
Angewandte WirtschaftswissenschaftenGMRCBuch (Monographie)
Josef Scherer
Universalstandard des International Institute for Governance, Management, Risk & Compliance der Technischen Hochschule Deggendorf
Universal-Standard für ein Integriertes Personal-Managementsystem mit GRC
2019
Version: 2.1.0